Study Guide
Field 017: U.S. History/Oklahoma History/
Government/Economics
Test Design and Framework
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The test design below describes general assessment information. The framework that follows is a detailed outline that explains the knowledge and skills that this test measures.
Test Design
*Does not include 15-minute C B T tutorial
Test Framework
subareas | range of competencies | approximate percentage of test | |
---|---|---|---|
selected-response | |||
roman numeral 1 | U S and oklahoma history | 0001–0010 | 44 percent |
roman numeral 2 | government and political science | 0011–0014 | 23 percent |
roman numeral 3 | economics | 0015–0017 | 18 percent |
this cell intentionally left blank | 85 percent |
subareas | range of competencies | approximate percentage of test | |
---|---|---|---|
constructed-response | |||
roman numeral 1 | U S and oklahoma history | 0001–0010 | 15 percent |
Subarea roman numeral 1–U S. and Oklahoma History
Competency 0001–Understand key historical terms, concepts, and major interpretations of U S history, and apply historical research skills.
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- Demonstrate knowledge of basic historical terms and concepts (e.g., revolution, hegemony, continuity and change, nation-state, interdependence, racism, culture) and use these terms and concepts to analyze general historical phenomena and specific historical events.
- Demonstrate the ability to use basic reference resources (e.g., encyclopedias, almanacs, biographical dictionaries, the Internet) to investigate historical questions.
- Recognize the differences between primary and secondary sources of historical information and analyze their advantages and limitations.
- Place historical events and developments in a chronological framework, interpret data presented in a timeline, and compare alternate models of periodization.
- Apply basic research skills and processes of critical historical inquiry (e.g., formulating hypotheses, gathering data, identifying central questions addressed in historical narratives, analyzing cause-and-effect relationships, distinguishing significant events and developments from those that are inconsequential, assessing the credibility and objectivity of historical sources).
- Interpret historical data presented in various visual formats (e.g., graphs, charts, tables, maps, political cartoons).
- Demonstrate knowledge of major interpretations of U S history (e.g., Frederick Jackson Turner's frontier thesis, the progressive and consensus schools of U S history, the Columbian exchange) and compare competing historical narratives and interpretations.
Competency 0002–Understand Native American societies before European contact, the course of European settlement in North America, and the institutions and structure of colonial societies.
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- Identify major Native American peoples and civilizations prior to European contact and describe their economic, political, and cultural achievements.
- Recognize the objectives and results of key European explorers and expeditions to the Western Hemisphere (e.g., Columbus, Ponce de León, Vázquez de Coronado, Cortés, Hudson, Cavelier La Salle), and examine European competition in North America.
- Analyze sources of coexistence and conflict between Europeans and Native Americans during the colonial period and compare the variety of cultural perspectives (e.g., land ownership and use, agricultural methods, production and distribution of commodities, trading practices) among these groups.
- Demonstrate knowledge of early European settlements in Colonial America (e.g., Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay, New Amsterdam) and identify reasons for European migration to North America (e.g., economic opportunity, escape from religious persecution, military adventure).
- Recognize similarities and differences among the New England, mid-Atlantic, and southern colonies and compare the roles and perspectives of different social and economic groups (e.g., landowners, farmers, artisans, women, slaves, indentured servants).
- Relate the contributions of important individuals (e.g., John Smith, Peter Stuyvesant, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, James Oglethorpe) and groups (e.g., Pilgrims, Puritans, Baptists, Quakers, merchants, royal officials) to the development of colonial societies in North America.
Competency 0003–Understand the principal causes and key events of the Revolutionary War and the major political, economic, and social developments related to the establishment of U S society.
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- Analyze the political, social, and economic origins of the movement for American independence and examine major events leading to the Revolutionary War (e.g., the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, the Intolerable Acts, the Second Continental Congress).
- Analyze the significance of key developments, battles, and events of the Revolutionary War (e.g., the publication of Common Sense, Saratoga, the alliance with France, Yorktown).
- Recognize the significance of key individuals during the Revolutionary War (e.g., George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Lord Cornwallis) and compare the roles and perspectives of different groups during the war (e.g., women, colonists of different social classes, Native Americans, African Americans).
- Assess the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and analyze major debates surrounding the creation and ratification of the Constitution.
- Examine major political developments in the United States during the presidential administrations of George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison (e.g., the rise of political parties, the economic policies of Alexander Hamilton, the election of 1800, the evolution of the Supreme Court).
- Demonstrate knowledge of U S foreign relations and major territorial policies from 1783 to 1823 (e.g., the Northwest Ordinances, the Louisiana Purchase, the War of 1812, the Monroe Doctrine).
Competency 0004–Understand westward expansion and the major political, economic, social, and cultural developments in the United States from 1815 to 1850.
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- Describe and compare the different economies, cultures, and social structures of the North and the South (e.g., early industrialization, the impact of immigration in the North, the southern plantation system, the development of slavery in the South).
- Analyze the role that transportation improvements, technological innovations, geography, and industrial development played in the economic growth and transformation of the United States.
- Recognize the principles of Jacksonian Democracy and examine major political developments during the Jacksonian era (e.g., the Nullification Crisis, the debate over a national bank, the expansion of suffrage).
- Demonstrate knowledge of major intellectual, religious, and reform movements of the first half of the nineteenth century (e.g., the Second Great Awakening, Mormons, utopian communities, temperance, abolitionism, women's rights) and assess their impact on U S society.
- Recognize the roles and achievements of the leaders of major reform movements (e.g., Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, Dorothea Dix, Horace Mann, William Lloyd Garrison, Elizabeth Cady Stanton).
- Identify the motivating factors and justifications for the westward expansion of the United States (e.g., the desire for cheap land, gold rushes, the doctrine of Manifest Destiny) and examine the impact of westward expansion on Native American peoples.
- Analyze the causes and consequences of the Texas War of Independence and the Mexican-American War and locate major territorial acquisitions of the United States.
Competency 0005–Understand the origins; key events; and major social, economic, and political consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction.
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- Analyze diverse perspectives on slavery in the North and the South and recognize how different views about slavery contributed to the intersectional tensions that resulted in the Civil War.
- Examine key events (e.g., the Compromise of 1850, the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, "Bleeding Kansas," the election of 1860) that increased sectional polarization.
- Demonstrate knowledge of major developments, battles, and events of the Civil War (e.g., Fort Sumter, Fredericksburg, the Emancipation Proclamations of 1863 and 1865, Gettysburg, Vicksburg) and assess the strategic advantages of the Union and Confederacy.
- Recognize and compare the roles and perspectives of different groups during the Civil War (e.g., women, African Americans, citizens of different social classes, immigrants) and demonstrate knowledge of the roles played by key individuals in the conflict (e.g., Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant).
- Analyze the significance of key events and phases of Reconstruction (e.g., Lincoln's assassination, the escalating conflict between President Andrew Johnson and Congress, the passage of the Reconstruction Acts, the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, Andrew Johnson's impeachment, the Compromise of 1877).
- Examine the achievements and failures of Reconstruction and assess their lasting influence on the development of U S society (e.g., the passage of Black Codes; the ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifthteenth Amendments; the emergence of sharecropping; the Ku Klux Klan; the enactment of Jim Crow laws; Plessy v. Ferguson [1896]).
Competency 0006–Understand the impact of industrialization on U S society and the changing role of the United States in world affairs at the beginning of the twentieth century.
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- Recognize the causes of immigration and the contributions of various immigrant groups (e.g., Irish, Chinese, Italians), and examine ethnic conflict and racial discrimination in the United States from 1870 to 1914.
- Demonstrate knowledge of key technological and industrial innovations (e.g., the steam engine, the telegraph, the assembly line) and recognize how they were applied to industry, agriculture, transportation, and communication.
- Analyze the impact of industrialization, urbanization, and immigration on social, economic, and political development in the United States from 1870 to 1914.
- Examine social philosophies and political and economic movements produced by the industrial experience (e.g., the gospel of wealth, social Darwinism, populism, progressivism, the labor movement) and assess their impact on government policy and U S society (e.g., working conditions, corporate regulation, taxation).
- Describe and compare different attitudes toward Native American groups reflected in U S government policies (e.g., reservations, the policy of assimilation, the Dawes Act) and examine the actions of the U S Army, missionaries, and settlers in areas inhabited by Native Americans.
- Analyze political, economic, military, and cultural motives and justifications for U S imperialism and demonstrate knowledge of U S foreign affairs at the turn of the twentieth century (e.g., the Spanish-American War, the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, the construction of the Panama Canal).
- Examine the causes and diplomatic consequences of U S involvement in World War I and analyze the war's impact on U S society (e.g., women and minorities in the workplace, women's rights, the Great Migration of African Americans).
Competency 0007–Understand major political, cultural, and economic developments in the United States between 1920 and 1945 and the causes, key events, and significant effects of U S involvement in World War II.
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- Demonstrate knowledge of major political, technological, and cultural developments of the 1920s (e.g., rising racial tensions, the Red Scare, urban and rural electrification, the Jazz Age, motion pictures, the Harlem Renaissance, the Lost Generation, Prohibition).
- Analyze the causes (e.g., overproduction, stock market speculation, environmental degradation, the Dust Bowl) and effects (e.g., unemployment, racial tensions, migrations, political change) of the Great Depression.
- Identify major New Deal programs (e.g., the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, the Works Progress Administration) and analyze their impact on business, agriculture, politics, and society in the United States.
- Examine reasons for U S involvement in World War II and recognize and compare different perspectives on the U S role in international affairs prior to the outbreak of war (e.g., isolationism, appeasement, material support for Great Britain, debates about entering the war).
- Recognize the significance of major battles, turning points, and key decisions during World War II (e.g., Pearl Harbor, Midway, D-day, the Manhattan Project, the decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan).
- Examine how preparation and mobilization for war affected the economy and society of the United States (e.g., women and minorities in the workplace, internment policies, economic recovery).
Competency 0008–Understand U S foreign policy and the role it has played in domestic and global developments since World War II.
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- Analyze the origins of the Cold War and demonstrate knowledge of major confrontations between the Soviet Union and the United States (e.g., the Berlin airlift, the nuclear arms race, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the U-2 incident).
- Describe the Truman Doctrine and evaluate the political, economic, and military strategies used by the United States to contain communism in Europe, Latin America, and Asia (e.g., the Marshall Plan, interventions in Latin America, the Korean War).
- Evaluate the impact of the Cold War on U S politics and society (e.g., McCarthyism, the space race, the emergence of the military-industrial complex).
- Examine the origins of U S military commitments in Southeast Asia, and analyze the major events and consequences of the Vietnam War (e.g., the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, the Tet Offensive, the antiwar movement).
- Assess reasons for the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union and relate the end of the Cold War to new challenges to U S leadership in the world (e.g., ethnic conflict, international terrorism, nuclear proliferation).
- Demonstrate knowledge of the causes, key events, and consequences of U S interactions with nations in Southwest Asia (e.g., the Camp David Accords, the Iran Hostage Crisis, the Persian Gulf War, the Afghanistan War, the Iraq War).
- Identify the functions of major international organizations that have been formed since 1945 (e.g., the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]), recognize the role of the United States in the creation of these organizations, and analyze how these organizations have influenced U S foreign policy.
Competency 0009–Understand the economic, social, and political transformation of the United States since World War II.
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- Recognize major social changes in the United States in the postwar era (e.g., the baby boom, the growth of suburbia, the emergence of the youth culture) and analyze the impact of these developments on U S culture and society.
- Examine the causes and effects of major developments in the U S economy since 1945 (e.g., the postwar rise in the standard of living, the oil embargoes of the 1970s, federal budget deficits, the North American Free Trade Agreement [NAFTA], economic globalization).
- Demonstrate knowledge of racial segregation in the United States, recognize important groups and individuals in the civil rights movement (e.g., the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People [NAACP], the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee [SNCC], Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X), and analyze the major events and accomplishments of the civil rights movement (e.g., Brown v. Board of Education, the Little Rock Crisis, civil disobedience, the Montgomery bus boycott, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965).
- Describe major social movements of the second half of the twentieth century (e.g., the struggle for women's rights, the environmental movement, the organization of migrant farmworkers) and evaluate their success in changing U S society.
- Examine the causes of immigration, identify major sources of immigrants, and recognize the contributions of various immigrant groups to U S society since 1945.
- Demonstrate knowledge of major political developments in the United States (e.g., Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society, the rise of the conservative movement, Watergate, the impeachment of William Clinton, the presidential election of 2000) and assess their impact on U S society.
- Identify major technological advances (e.g., television, personal computers, the Internet) of the second half of the twentieth century and assess their impact on culture, communications, and industry in the United States.
Competency 0010–Understand major political, social, and economic developments and institutions, and the key eras and events in the history of the state of Oklahoma.
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- Locate major geographic features and resources of Oklahoma on a map (e.g., regions, landforms, waterways, cities, military installations) and assess their influence on the political, social, and economic development of the state.
- Recognize the role of Native American peoples in the development of Oklahoma and identify the achievements and contributions of significant historical and contemporary Native Americans (e.g., Sequoya, Quanah Parker, the Kiowa Five, Wilma Mankiller).
- Demonstrate knowledge of major political and economic developments in Oklahoma prior to statehood (e.g., territorial acquisitions, early trading settlements, the rise of the cattle industry, the Civil War, land distribution, the movement for statehood) and evaluate their impact on Oklahoma society.
- Examine the experiences and contributions of major cultural and ethnic groups in Oklahoma (e.g., African Americans, Hispanics, Eastern Europeans, Italians, Germans, Asians) and analyze the causes and effects of historic and contemporary immigration and settlement patterns.
- Examine major political and economic developments in Oklahoma since statehood (e.g., the Great Depression, the temperance movement, the Dust Bowl, the oil boom and bust, political corruption) and recognize the contributions of significant individuals from Oklahoma.
- Analyze interactions and conflicts among racial groups in Oklahoma during the twentieth century (e.g., the activities of the Ku Klux Klan, the enactment of Jim Crow laws, the Tulsa Race Riot, landmark civil rights cases, the contributions of Governor Raymond Gary to the integration of public facilities).
Subarea roman numeral 2–Government and Political Science
Competency 0011–Understand important political science concepts and apply that knowledge to analyze contemporary political issues.
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- Define basic political science concepts and terms (e.g., power, checks and balances, popular sovereignty, due process, judicial review) and apply them to general political phenomena and specific political issues.
- Examine the origins and purposes of government (e.g., to meet the needs of citizens, to regulate territory, to manage conflict) and recognize how governmental powers are acquired, used, and justified.
- Identify and compare various systems of government (e.g., monarchy, oligarchy, representative democracy, totalitarianism).
- Distinguish between limited and unlimited governments and examine the operation of formal institutions with the authority to control and direct the behavior of individuals in a society (e.g., tribal councils, courts, legislatures).
- Identify, analyze, and interpret events related to U S government and politics in primary and secondary sources (e.g., identifying central ideas; analyzing cause-and-effect relationships; making distinctions among propaganda, fact, and opinion; drawing conclusions).
- Interpret historical and contemporary political issues represented in various visual formats (e.g., maps, tables, diagrams, charts, political cartoons, graphs).
Competency 0012–Understand the principles of democratic government in the United States and compare the political and economic systems of the United States with those of other nations.
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- Relate ideals contained in major political documents (e.g., Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, the Articles of Confederation, the Federalist Papers) to the U S Constitution and the fundamental principles of democratic government in the United States.
- Explain major ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence and describe how these principles grew to become unifying ideas of democracy in the United States.
- Identify and explain fundamental concepts of the government of the United States (e.g., majority rule, minority rights, the rule of law, constitutionalism, limited government).
- Analyze the development of democratic and representative government in ancient Greece, ancient Rome, the United Kingdom, and the American colonies.
- Identify the contributions of influential philosophers (e.g., John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Montesquieu) to the development of government and politics in the United States.
- Compare and contrast the political systems of the United States with those of other democratic nations.
- Examine similarities and differences between the political systems of the United States and those of authoritarian nations.
Competency 0013–Understand the structure, organization, and operation of different levels of government in the United States.
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- Analyze major features of the U S Constitution and Bill of Rights (e.g., purposes expressed in the preamble, powers and limitations, amendment process).
- Demonstrate knowledge of the structure and operation of the federal government (e.g., the separation of powers, the operation of the system of checks and balances, the process by which bills become law).
- Describe the administrative components of the U S foreign policy establishment (e.g., the powers of the president, the functions of the State Department, the role of the Senate) and examine how foreign policy is formed and implemented by the federal government.
- Recognize major constitutional amendments and the conflicts or issues they addressed, and analyze landmark Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Marbury v. Madison [1803], McCulloch v. Maryland [1819], U.S. v. Nixon [1974]).
- Demonstrate knowledge of the concept of federalism; compare the roles of legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government at the national, state, and local levels; and examine relations among the three levels of government.
- Recognize the structure and functions of the Oklahoma state government, distinguish among the units of local government in the state (e.g., counties, cities, towns, regional authorities), and analyze significant state and local public issues.
Competency 0014–Understand the U S election process, political participation, and the rights and responsibilities of individuals in a democratic society.
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- Identify major components of the electoral process in the United States (e.g., reapportionment and redistricting, primary elections, nominating caucuses and conventions, the Electoral College).
- Evaluate the influence of campaign funding and spending, advertising, and public opinion polls on the electoral process in the United States and assess how lobbyists, interest groups, and the media influence the policy agenda and decision-making process of government institutions.
- Examine significant developments in the evolution of political parties in the United States and recognize the impact of third parties on the U S political system.
- Evaluate how political movements, Supreme Court decisions, and constitutional amendments have increased individual rights and expanded participation in theU S political system since 1787 (e.g., the Constitutional Convention; Jacksonian Democracy; the growth of presidential primaries; recognition of Native Americans' citizenship and voting rights; Brown v. Board of Education; the Fifteenth, Nineteenth, Twenty-fourth, and Twenty-sixth Amendments).
- Analyze developments and events in U S history that have diminished individual rights and limited participation in the U S political system since 1789 (e.g., passage of Jim Crow laws, Plessy v. Ferguson [1896]).
- Demonstrate knowledge of the political, legal, and personal rights guaranteed to citizens of the United States by the U S Constitution and recognize the duties and responsibilities of U S citizenship (e.g., jury duty, obedience to lawful authority).
- Examine ways in which citizens participate in and influence the political process in the United States (e.g., communicating with public officials, political demonstrations, petitions) and recognize skills needed for effective participation in public affairs.
Subarea roman numeral 3–Economics
Competency 0015–Understand important economic concepts, problems, goals, and theories and apply that knowledge to analyze various economic institutions and public policies.
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- Define and explain basic economic concepts, goals, and theories (e.g., self-interest, opportunity costs, Keynesian economics) and apply them to various economic phenomena.
- Recognize the different functions of money and explain how money makes it easier to trade, borrow, save, invest, and compare the value of goods and services.
- Compare the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of traditional, command, market, and mixed economies.
- Explain and evaluate the market price system in allocating resources.
- Analyze factors that affect the supply and demand of goods and services available in a market economy.
- Explain the phenomena of inflation and unemployment.
- Define gross domestic product (GDP) and compare GDP data for the United States and other countries.
Competency 0016–Understand the components, structure, organization, and operation of the U S economy, and the roles of labor, business, consumers, and government in the U S economic system.
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- Describe the role of different economic institutions (e.g., banks, labor unions, corporations, legal systems, not-for-profit organizations) in the U S economic system.
- Analyze the role of entrepreneurs, risk, and profit in the U S economy and examine the potential risks and gains entrepreneurs face when opening new businesses in the U S marketplace.
- Evaluate the economic impact of government programs (e.g., government assistance programs, education, pollution control, business regulation) in the United States.
- Demonstrate knowledge of how government fiscal policies influence economic activity, identify historical examples of fiscal policies, and examine the impact of federal deficits and surpluses on the economy.
- Recognize various components of the money supply in the United States (e.g., currency, coins, checking account deposits), analyze the relationship between interest rates and the rate of inflation, and examine how changes in real interest rates influence decisions to borrow money and purchase goods.
- Identify the tools of monetary policy, evaluate the impact of policy changes by the Federal Reserve on the economy, and analyze decisions by the Federal Reserve to expand or contract the nation's money supply.
Competency 0017–Understand the international economy and the relationships between contemporary national economies, and analyze the interdependence of industrial and developing economies.
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- Demonstrate knowledge of fundamental concepts of international economics (e.g., specialization, the balance of international payments, exchange rates, the theory of comparative advantage).
- Analyze the interdependence of economic systems, examine the role of multinational corporations in the global economy, and identify examples of interdependence in economic development (e.g., NAFTA, the European Union, the World Trade Organization).
- Recognize the functions and operations of major institutions of international trade and finance (e.g., the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund) and analyze the impact of these institutions on nations undergoing economic development.
- Demonstrate knowledge of regional and global patterns of economic interaction among countries and examine the role of the United States in the world economy.
- Recognize different types of trade restrictions (e.g., tariffs, quotas), examine reasons why nations attempt to restrict trade, and analyze the effects of imposing restrictions on international commerce.
- Evaluate the effect of changing technologies on the structure and operation of the global economy.
- Compare competing models of economic growth and development.